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Balanced Binary Tree

Given a binary tree, determine if it is height-balanced. For this problem, a height-balanced binary tree is defined as: a binary tree in which the left and right subtrees of  every  node differ in height by no more than 1. Example 1: Input: root = [3,9,20,null,null,15,7] Output: true Example 2: Input: root = [1,2,2,3,3,null,null,4,4] Output: false Example 3: Input: root = [] Output: true   Constraints: The number of nodes in the tree is in the range  [0, 5000] . -10 4  <= Node.val <= 10 4 Solution: /**  * Definition for a binary tree node.  * public class TreeNode {  *     int val;  *     TreeNode left;  *     TreeNode right;  *     TreeNode() {}  *     TreeNode(int val) { this.val = val; }  *     TreeNode(int val, TreeNode left, TreeNode right) {  *         this.val = val;  *         this.left = left;  *         this.right = right;  *     }
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First Unique Character in a String

Given a string, find the first non-repeating character in it and return it's index. If it doesn't exist, return -1. Examples: s = "leetcode" return 0. s = "loveleetcode", return 2. Note: You may assume the string contain only lowercase letters. class Solution {     public int firstUniqChar(String s) {         int length = s.length();         String str;         for(int i=0;i<length;i++){             if(i==length-1){                 str = s.substring(0, i);             }             else{                 str = s.substring(0,i)+s.substring(i+1);             }             if(!str.contains(s.charAt(i)+""))                 return i;         }         return -1;     } } Try it on Leetcode Here, we are going to use substring method. 1) If character is at end, then take substring from 0 till before last character of string. 2) Else make a temporary string, by removing exactly that particular character using index. [e.g..
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Majority Element

Given an array of size n , find the majority element. The majority element is the element that appears more than ⌊ n/2 ⌋ times. You may assume that the array is non-empty and the majority element always exist in the array. Example 1: Input: [3,2,3] Output: 3 Example 2: Input: [2,2,1,1,1,2,2] Output: 2   class Solution { public int majorityElement(int[] nums) { Arrays.sort(nums); return nums[nums.length/2]; } } Here, we are sorting the entire array using sort() of Arrays class. Then, number at index position n/2 would be a majority element. There is no chance of wrong values in odd or even length.   Below is another method using HashMap. METHOD 2: class Solution { public int majorityElement(int[] nums) { HashMap<Integer, Integer>list = new HashMap<Integer, Integer>(); int repeatLen
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Smallest Range II

Given an array   A   of integers, for each integer   A[i]   we need to choose   either  x = -K  or  x = K , and add   x   to   A[i]  (only once) . After this process, we have some array  B . Return the smallest possible difference between the maximum value of  B  and the minimum value of  B . Example 1: Input: A = [1] , K = 0 Output: 0 Explanation : B = [1] Example 2: Input: A = [0,10] , K = 2 Output: 6 Explanation : B = [2,8] Example 3: Input: A = [1,3,6] , K = 3 Output: 3 Explanation : B = [4,6,3] Note: 1 <= A.length <= 10000 0 <= A[i] <= 10000 0 <= K <= 10000 Solution: class Solution {     public int smallestRangeII(int[] A, int K) {         int i, min=0, max=0, min1, min2, max1, max2, length = A.length, diff
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